Picture.



G. W. SAALBURG PICTURE.

APPLICATION 11.21) APR. '1, 1909.

Patented Sept. 28, 1909.

! l i l/111/11/1/111/// amen/ho? 35 ali-lfo'onugd UNITED s as: Parana @FJETCE.

oHAR-nnsw. SAALBURG, ornas'ronan'e n, NEW JERSEY, assrenon TO VAN DYCK GRAVURE COMPANY, A CGREORATION OF NEW YORK.

PICTURE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. as, race.

Application filed April 7, 1909. Serial No. 188, 105.

To all whom it may concern:

Be'it known that I, CHARLES W. SAAL- BURG, of East Orange, in the county of Essex and in theState of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Pictures, and do hereby declare thatthe following is a full, clear, and exact descriptioni thereof.

The object of my invention has been to produce a picture which shall be especially adapted to be manufactured by printing,

and especially. such a. picture having a high degree of artistic merit; and to such ends 1 'my invention consists in the picture hereinafter specified.

As my picture will be best understood by describing oneprocess of making the same, I shall describe such process.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 a plan view .of a plate adapted for printmg my said picture according to my said I rocess; and Fig. 2 is a section taken on. the -'ne 22 of Fig.v 1. icture may be either monochrome or po ychrome. Asthe highest form of the picture is best illustrated in the polychrome, I shall describe such picture and V process'of making it, but it is to beunderstood that my invention also includes a pic-' turein monochrome. The process described herein is not claimed in the present applica- 'tion, but is the subject of a patent granted to me June 1st, 1909, No. 923,799. Reference is made tothe said patent for the details of the process of making my said picture. In the accompanying drawmgs, the formation of the printing surface by which my.

picture is printed is illustrated as applied to a plate. The metal which was protected is not eaten away, and forms a series of rectlhnear walls 'A,'which, crossing each other,

.form inclosed wells B. The. wells B are of is then scrapedoif by'a preferably varying depths, according to the depth of plate. An ink which I find very efiective for my purpose is one which is the subject of .an application for patent executed by moon the 7th day of. November, 1908,. Serial No. 464,192, filed November 23, 1908, to which reference is made. The scraper or doctor removes the inkfrom the printing surface wherever such surface remains,

namely, from all the screen lines and from all theblank portions of the cylinder which are to represent white in the picture, and the white margin around the printing surface, and this operation leaves the cells or pockets between the walls A completely filled with ink. Imprinting a polychrome picture the several impressions of primary colors, each made from a separate printing plate or-cylinder, are superimposed one upon another in the usual order of such printing.

The nature of m picture can now be understood. Each ce 1n the etched plate deposits its ink upon the paper like an inverted cup, so that the ink is piled up in relief upon the paper. It is entirely diiferent from printing where the plate is etched away around the points which are to print upon the paper, for in the latter case a filmof ink is deposited upon a plane surface, and that surface crashes the mk into the paper, and often forms a depression in the paper where the imprint is made. .With my picture,

however, the paper is not depressed, where the ink is deposited, but the ink is deposited on the surface .ofthe paper and piled up thereon '(where the color is heaqy), and the impression. of the printing sur paper tends to. increase rather than decrease such relief,-for the walls A,.which inmy printing surfaceare in relief and do not carry any ink, tend'to depress the paper.

around the portions whichreceive the 1nk. The areas of ink are separated only by spaces which. are in the form of relatively ace on the.

uniform lines so that almost the entire area of my picture is covered with ink. The differences in shade are not obtained by making the rectangles larger or smaller, or more or less complete, but they are obtained by the difierences in depths of the cells, and consequently the diflerences in thickness of the deposit of ink. It is in precisely the same way that diflerences in color are produced in a pastel. In a pastel, the color is put on .in varying thicknesses, according to the depth of color desired. On the contrary,

with a half tone engraving, the different degrees of colorare obtained by making the dots of color which are printed larger or smaller, and often of different shapes. In my picture, the entire paper is fully covered With ink, except for the narrow lines of separation between the ink areas, but the ink is of varying degrees of thickness. In a half tone, on the other hand, the ink is of uniform thickness wherever it appears, but the natural surface of the paper, is left uncovered where it is desired to produce a lighter effect. This, as before stated, is owing to making the dots of color of larger or smaller'area. In other words, the engraving in the surface of my printing plate is a cast of the picture to be produced, While With half tones, the engraving is never filled- With ink, the ink being applied only to the portions of the original surface which still remain, so that the engraving represents the white portions of the picture. In my picture, the picture is made up by ink running from transparency to opacity, while with all other printed pictures, the picture is made up by dots or isolated specks of ink of different sizes. In my picture, the effect is roduced in an ideal way of varying the depths of the ink as an artist would do by hand, while in all other printed pictures, the effect is produced by ink areas of equal depth and varying sizes. With my picture, the effect of the lighter tones is produced by the white of the paper showing through the ink, something in the same way as the light shows through a stained glass window. This is a highly artistic efi'ect. My picture can be printed on soft paper, while a half tone must be printed on paper having a hard surface, to prevent the ink from sinking in and separating and covering the little white interstices between the specks of ink. This piling up of the ink in effect produces the rich velvety appearance so much prized-in etchings or in intaglio engravings, and is a result never obtained before, so far as I know, prior to my invention, either in monochrome or polychrome automatic printing. The reproduction of pictures by my process produces a picture remarkably like the pastel in appearance.

As my colors are printed in varying degrees of thickness, the lower colors shine through the upper colors, and thus combine the colors, because they are transparent, while the usual colors do not combine in this way.

I claimr 1. A picture comprising a large number of small color areas of uniform size but of different depths.

2. A picture comprising a number of small color areas of substantially equal size having the ink piled up in relief thereon.

3. A printed picture, comprising a large number of small areas of substantially equal size and having inks of several colors on such areas and of different depths, according to the efiect to be produced.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing .I havehereunto set my hand.

CHARLES W. SAALBURG.

Witnesses A. NEWooMB, M. MEIKLE. 

